Conocimiento profesional y competencia digital en la formación del profesorado. El caso del Grado de Maestro en Educación Primaria / Professional Knowledge and Digital Competency in Teacher Education. The case of Elementary Teacher Education Degree
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17398/1695-288X.14.1.31Keywords:
Conocimiento Profesional del Profesorado, Formación Inicial, Planes de Estudio, Competencia Digital, Tecnología Educativa, Teacher Professional Knowledge, Initial Teacher Education, Teacher Education Curriculum, Digital Literacy, Educational TechnologyAbstract
Este artículo analiza las complejas intersecciones entre el conocimiento pedagógico, del contenido y de la tecnología en la formación inicial del profesorado de educación primaria. Las preguntas guía son: ¿Cuáles son los contenidos y procesos de la formación que facilitan en los profesores la construcción de su conocimiento profesional? ¿Qué deberían aprender los profesores en este mundo complejo y cambiante? El estudio se realiza a través de: 1. El análisis del plan de estudios del Grado de Maestro en Educación Primaria y las fichas de las materias en relación a la atención prestada a los diferentes aspectos del desarrollo de la competencia digital y el encuadre de tecnologías que adoptan y 2. Las representaciones del profesorado de la titulación. Se utilizaron análisis de documentos y entrevistas en profundidad. Para el análisis se tuvo en cuenta el proyecto DIGCOMP (Ferrari, 2013), que distingue cinco áreas para la adquisición de la competencia digital: 1. Información, 2. Comunicación, 3. Creación de contenido. 4. Seguridad y 5. Resolución de problemas. Entre los resultados más sobresalientes destaca una perspectiva instrumental de las tecnologías y el dominio de la competencia informacional sobre los otros aspectos que conforman la competencia digital según DIGCOMP.
Abstract
This paper analyzes the complex relationship between pedagogical, content, and technological knowledge in elementary initial teacher education. These are the guide questions: What are the contents and processes that facilitate the education of teachers when building their professional knowledge? What should teachers learn in this complex and changing world? The study is carried out by the analysis of: 1. The initial teacher education curriculum and the skills integrated in each subject. 2. The representations of the degree faculty. Document analysis and deep interviews were used. DIGCOMP project (Ferrari, 2013), which identifies five areas for the acquisition of digital competence, was taken into account. These areas are: 1. Information; 2. Communication; 3. Content creation; 4. Security; 5. Problem resolution. Among the most outstanding results it is highlighted an instrumental view of technology and the prevalence of information skills over other aspects of the digital competency according DIGCOMP.
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