Evaluación de competencia mediática según género y nivel de estudios / Media competence evaluation depending on gender and educational qualifications
Keywords:
Evaluación de competencia mediática, cuestionario de competencia mediática, competencia audiovisualAbstract
Este artículo tiene como objetivo averiguar si existen diferencias significativas en las dimensiones de competencia mediática: estética, lenguaje, ideología y valores, recepción y audiencia, producción y programación, y tecnología, entre los españoles en general y los riojanos en particular en función de la variable género y de la variable estratificada según nivel de estudios cursados por los encuestados. Para llevar a cabo dicho trabajo se ha elaborado y aplicado un cuestionario con fiabilidad y validez demostrada, dicho cuestionario ha sido consensuado por expertos de ámbito nacional e internacional en este campo de estudio. La muestra ha consistido en la gestión de más de 6.626 cuestionarios en el conjunto de España y de 516 cuestionarios en la Comunidad Autónoma de La Rioja. El trabajo se realizó alternando el sistema presencial y el on-line. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que tanto en los ciudadanos de España como en los ciudadanos de la Comunidad Autónoma de La Rioja existen graves carencias respecto al grado de competencia en comunicación audiovisual, entendida como la capacidad para interpretar mensajes audiovisuales de manera reflexiva y crítica y para expresarse a través del lenguaje audiovisual con unos mínimos de corrección y de creatividad.
Abstract
This article aims to find out whether there are significant differences in the dimensions of media competence: aesthetics, language, ideology and values, reception and audience, production and programming, and technology, between Spanish citizens in general and Rioja citizens in particular depending on the gender variable and the stratified level of educational qualifications variable, with different values reflecting the qualifications of the citizens surveyed. In order to carry out this work a questionnaire with proven reliability and validity has been designed. Such a questionnaire has been agreed on by national and international experts on this field of study. The sample consists of more than 6626 questionnaires filled in by Spanish citizens from different regions and 516 questionnaires filled in by citizens of the La Rioja autonomous region of Spain. Both, face-to-face and online, methods have been used in this work. The results show that both the Spanish citizens and the citizens of the La Rioja autonomous region exhibit a marked lack of competence in audiovisual communication, understood as the ability to interpret audiovisual messages in a reflective and critical manner, and to express their ideas using the audiovisual language with a minimum degree of correctness and creativity.
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