Bases teóricas para una didáctica universitaria con la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) generativa. El modelo DIDACT.IA

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17398/1695-288X.25.2.17

Palabras clave:

Inteligencia artificial, Aprendizaje simbiótico, Pensamiento crítico, Educación superior, Diseño instruccional, Tareas académicas

Resumen

La inteligencia artificial (IA) generativa en la educación superior está provocando una disrupción pedagógica que afecta al sentido de las tareas académicas, a los procesos de evaluación, a las funciones docentes y a la relación del alumnado con el conocimiento. Los estudios y publicaciones académicas se han centrado en describir usos instrumentales, riesgos éticos o competencias digitales, sin desarrollar suficientemente una teoría didáctica que oriente la integración de la IA en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Este artículo tiene como propósito identificar los fundamentos teóricos para una didáctica universitaria con IA orientada al desarrollo del pensamiento crítico. Para ello se adopta un enfoque de ensayo teórico de carácter integrador, articulando aportaciones de la cognición distribuida entre humano y máquina, los enfoques psicológicos y socioculturales del pensamiento crítico y la teoría de la enseñanza. Como resultado, se propone un marco conceptual para el aprendizaje simbiótico, las tareas académicas como contexto instruccional de dicha interacción, y el pensamiento crítico como condición para preservar la agencia epistémica del estudiante. Finalmente, se presenta un modelo didáctico, denominado «DIDACT.IA», basado en seis dimensiones: interrogación, comparación, diálogo crítico, verificación, reelaboración personal y reflexión. Se concluye que el mismo necesita mayor validación empírica en distintos contextos de la práctica docente universitaria.

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Publicado

2026-07-20

Número

Sección

Sección especial: 25 años de RELATEC (Editores invitados: Manuel Area y Bartolomé Rubia)

Cómo citar

Area-Moreira, M. (2026). Bases teóricas para una didáctica universitaria con la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) generativa. El modelo DIDACT.IA. Revista Latinoamericana De Tecnología Educativa - RELATEC, 25(2), 17-34. https://doi.org/10.17398/1695-288X.25.2.17

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