Fundamentos teóricos para o ensino universitário com Inteligência Artificial (IA) generativa. O modelo DIDACT.IA

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17398/1695-288X.25.2.17

Palavras-chave:

inteligência artificial, pensamento crítico, ensino superior, deseño instrucional, aprendizagem simbiótica, trabalhos académicos

Resumo

A inteligência artificial (IA) generativa no ensino superior está a provocar uma disrupção pedagógica que afeta o sentido das tarefas académicas, os processos de avaliação, as funções docentes e a relação dos estudantes com o conhecimento. Os estudos e as publicações académicas têm-se centrado na descrição de utilizações instrumentais, riscos éticos ou competências digitais, sem desenvolver suficientemente uma teoria didática que oriente a integração da IA nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem. Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar os fundamentos teóricos para uma didática universitária com IA orientada para o desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico. Para tal, adota-se uma abordagem de ensaio teórico de caráter integrador, articulando contributos da cognição distribuída entre o ser humano e a máquina, das abordagens psicológicas e socioculturais do pensamento crítico e da teoria do ensino. Como resultado, propõe-se um quadro conceptual para a aprendizagem simbiótica, as tarefas académicas enquanto contexto instrucional dessa interação e o pensamento crítico como condição para preservar a agência epistémica do estudante. Por fim, apresenta-se um modelo didático, denominado «DIDACT.IA», baseado em seis dimensões: interrogação, comparação, diálogo crítico, verificação, reelaboração pessoal e reflexão. Conclui-se que o modelo necessita de uma validação empírica mais aprofundada em diferentes contextos da prática docente universitária.

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Publicado

2026-07-20

Edição

Secção

Seção Especial: 25 anos da RELATEC (Editores convidados: Manuel Area e Bartolomé Rubia)

Como Citar

Area-Moreira, M. (2026). Fundamentos teóricos para o ensino universitário com Inteligência Artificial (IA) generativa. O modelo DIDACT.IA. Revista Latinoamericana De Tecnología Educativa - RELATEC, 25(2), 17-34. https://doi.org/10.17398/1695-288X.25.2.17

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